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ไฟล์ทั้งหมด: 20
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ยอดนิยม :
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 Web Link
ต้องการแลกลิงก์ คลิ๊ก ที่นี่
  NGV

????????? ???????????ติดประกาศ Monday 11 Sep 06@ 10:28:28 +07 โดย hoei
1.??????????
   ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? Natural Gas Vehicles ????????????? ??? NGV????????????????? ?????????????????? (Compressed Natural Gas : CNG) ?????????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ???????

???????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???? ????????? ??????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? 60 ?????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 2541 ???????? 5,086 ??????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ???????? 1,700 ??????????????????? ????????????????? 810 ??????????????????? ????????? 300 ???????????????????

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1860 (?.?. 2403) ?????? ???????????? Jean Etienne Lenoir ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? 2 ??????????????????? ??????????????? ?.?. 1973 ??????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????????

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???? ???????????? ??????????????????????????????? ????? ?????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????

2. ????????????????????????

????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? (C) ??????? ???????? (H) ???????????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ??? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????

??????????????????????????????? ?????????? (????????????????????????????????????????????????) ??????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????

?????????????????????????????? (Natural Gas : NG) ????????????????????? (Liquefied Petroleum Gas : LPG)  ?????

1. ???????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? (Methane) ???? ???????? ?????????????????????????? ????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? CNG ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????? –160 ???? ???????? ??????????????????????? Liquefied Natural Gas ???? LNG ???????????????????????????????  ??? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????? 120 RON ??????????????????????????????????????????
 
2. ?????????????????? (LPG) ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? (Propane) ???????????? ??????? ???????????????????? ?????? LPG ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? LPG ??????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????? ????????????????????????? ???????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? 105 RON

???????????????????????????? NGV ??? LPG


????????? NGVLPG????????? ???? (????????????)???? (?????????????)???????? (????????????) -162-50-0???????????????????????? (????????????) 540400???????????????? (????????????????)
??????
1515 
??????
51.5????????? 1/
RON2/
120105 
MON3/
12097

?????:??????????????????????????
????????:
1. ????????? (Octane number) ??????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????
2. RON (Research Octane Number) ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? 600 ??? ???????
3. MON (Motor Octane Number) ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? 900 ??????????

3. ??????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? ????? ??????? ???????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????

????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? (? ?????? ?.?. 2542) ????????????????????????????????? (NGV) ???????????????? 1,250,886 ??? 3/ ????????????????? NGV ????????? 5 ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? 450,000 ??? ?????? ????? 320,000 ??? ??????? ????? 205,000 ??? ???????????? ????? 88,594 ??? ????????? ????? 60,000 ???

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? Research and Development Institute Saibu Gas Co., Ltd. ????? ?? NGV ????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? 300 ?????????????? 4/ ???????????????????????????????? 1,400 ?????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????????? LPG ???? ?? NGV ??????????? ????????????????????? LPG ????????

?????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV, LPG, Gasoline
??????????? 300 ?????????? 

??????????????????????
(NGV)??????????????????
(LPG)??????
(Gasoline)???????????????? (????????????????)0.040.040.08???????????? (??????????????)1,7001,6002,200??????????????? (??????????????)3009001,400???????????????? (????????????????)8.511.714.5
????? : ??????????????????????????

????????? ???????????????? West Virginia University ???????????? ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? CUMMINS LTA – 10 ?????????????????? ?????????????? ????? ?????????????????????????? ???? NGV ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? 0.027 ????/???????? ????????????????????????????????? 0.965 ????/???????? ???????????? ?? NGV ???????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? 5.52 ????/???????? ????????????????????????????????? 1.51 ????/????????

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????? ????????????????? The Australian Greenhouse Office ????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????????????? ???? ????? ?? NGV ???????????????????????????????????????? 50 – 80 ???????????????????????? ?????? 60 - 90 ??????????????????????????? 60 – 80 ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ??? ??????? ?? NGV ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????

4. ????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????? NGV ????? ??????????????????????????????????? ???????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????????? 250,000 – 3,000,000 ???????????? ??????? ?????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? (Compressed Natural Gas : CNG) ?????? 2 ??????????? ???

  1. Fast-fill CNG System ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 2 ??? ??????????????? 3-5 ???? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ??? 25 – 100 ???????????/???? ?????????????????????? 5,000 ????????????????? ??????????????????????????? 20,000 - 60,000 ???????????
  2. Slow–fill CNG System ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????? ????????????????????????????? 6 - 8 ??????? (????????????????????????????????????) ??????? ????????????????????????????????????? 3,000 – 3,600 ????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????? 100 – 300 ???????????/???? ??????????????????????????????????????
????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? Fast - fill System ??? Slow–fill System ??????????????????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

???????????? The International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles (IANGV) ?????????? ??????? 2542 ???????????????????????????????????????????????? 3,535 ????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ????? 1,287 ????? ?????????? ??????????? 744 ????? ?????? 308 ????? ?????? 222 ????? ??????????????????? 187 ????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????

5. ????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? 3 ??? ??????? ???

  1. ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? Dedicated Engine
  2. ????????????????????????????? ???? ???????????????????? ???????? Bi–fuel Engine ???????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????
  3. ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? Dual–fuel Engine ??? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 85 ?????????????? 25 ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? 2 ?????? ??? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????? Volvo, Caterpillar, Cummins, MAN, Daimler – Chrysler (Mercedes Benz), Scania ??? Renault

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ??????? ???????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? 2-3 ??? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ??????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????????????????????? NGV ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? NGV ???????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ????????? ????????????????????????????????????? 900 – 3,500 ???????????? ????????????????????????????? 14,000 – 40,000 ???????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? NGV ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ???? ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? NGV ????????????

6. ??????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????? NGV ????????????????????????? 2 ????????? ??? ???????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????????? 4 ??????????? ???

???????1 ??????????? ???? ??????????
???????2 ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????????????????? 5/ ????????????????? 6/ ?????????????
???????3 ????????????????????????????????????? 2 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????4 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? 3 ??? 4 ???????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

???????????????????????????????? (%)??????? (%)1?????401002
?????, ???????????
??????????, ??????????? 80
9565
553
??????????, ???????????
??????????, ?????????????90
10045
254???????, ???????????????????????????9030
????? : Norman L. Newhouse, Ph.D., P.E. Manager, Design Engineering ??? Dale B. Tiller, P.E. Manager, NGV Product Development "Development of All-Composite NGV Fuel Containers" May 1998.

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? NGV2, FMVSS 304, CSA B-51 Part 2 ??? ISO/DIS 11439 ???????

  • NGV 2 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??? The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ????????????????? 2535 ?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????
  • FMVSS 304 ?????????????????????? The U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (DOT-NHTSA) ???????????????????????? ???????????????? NGV ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? NGV ???????????????????????????????????? 2539 ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????
  • CSA B-51 Part 2 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
  • ISO/DIS 11439 ?????????? ISO TC 58/SC3/WG 17 ??????????????????????????? The International Association of Natural Gas Vehicles
???????????????????????? ????????????? ISO/DIS 11439, NGV 2 ??? CSA B-51 Part 2 ????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????

  1. ????????????? (Service Conditions) ???????????????????????? ???????? ??? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? 20 ?? ?????????????? 200-240 ???? (200 – 240 ???? ???????????) ? ???????? 15 ???????????? (??????????? 3,000 – 3,600 ????????????????? ? ???????? 70 ?????????????) ??????????????????????????????????????????? 3 ?? ???? ????????????????????????
  2. ?????????????????? (Quality Assurance) ??????????????????????????????? ??? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????? NGV 2 ?????????????????????????????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ISO 9001-9002 ??????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????
  3. ??????????????????????????? (Materials and Material Testing) ???????????????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ????????? ????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? (Thermoplastic) ??????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? (Thermosetting plastic)
  4. ??????????????? (Batch and Production Testing) ?????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ??????????????????? ????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????
  5. ??????????????????????? (Qualification Testing) ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ??????
  • ????????????????? (Burst) ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ????? ?????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????? (Ambient Cycling) ??????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? ? ??????????????????????????
  • ????????????????? (Bonfire) ???????????????????????????????????????????? ? ???????????????????? 25% ??? 100% ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????? (Flaw Tolerance) ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????? (Drop) ???????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? 3 ???? ??????????????? ???????????????????????????? 1.8 ???? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????? (Gunfire) ????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? 30 ????????? ?????????????????????????? 850 ????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? NGV ???????????????????????????????? ?????? 2-4 ??? ???????????????????????????????????? 250 ???? ???????????? 400 ????????????????? ??? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????????????????????????????????? 3,000 ????????????????? (207 ????)

??????? (????)??????? (????????)?????????????????????? (????)?????????? (??.?.)??????????????? ???????????? (????)13.7 x 3527.255.550415.513.7 x 4030.964.859218.113.7 x 4534.574.468120.813.7 x 5542.293.885726.215.7 x 3533.172.366120.315.7 x 5249.0116.21,06332.515.7 x 5551.7123.91,13334.7
????? : A Division of Advanced Technical Products , Inc.

7. ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ???????? ????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? Jeffrey Seisler ???????????????????? European Natural Gas Vehicle Association ????????????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????????????????????????? ??? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??????? Jeffrey ??????????????????????????????? NGV ???????????????????????????????????? ?????????????

7.1 ??????????????????????????????????? NGV ???????????????? ???????????????????????? 4 ?????? ???

  1. ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
  2. ????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????????
  3. ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????? NGV ???????????????????????
  4. ???????????????????????????????? NGV ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????
7.2 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????????? 6 ?????? ???

  1. ??????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??????? ??????????????????? NGV ???? ???????????????????????????????????? (Alternative Fuel Vehicles)
  2. ??????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?? ?.?. 2541 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????? ?.?. 2533
  3. ???????????????????????????????? NGV ?????????????????????????? NGV ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? NGV ????????????????
  4. ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? NGV ???????????
  5. ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
  6. ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ????????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????
7.3 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????

  1. ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV ???? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????
  2. ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????
  3. ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? NGV
  4. ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? NGV
  5. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? NGV
  6. ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????
  7. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? "one-stop-shop" ????????????????????????????????? NGV ?????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????
  8. ?????????????????????????????? NGV ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? (Bi-fuel) ?????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? (Dedicated NGV) ????????????????
  9. ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????? NGV ??????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
  10. ????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ??????????? NGV ???????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? NGV
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????????????????? NGV ???????????????????????????? NGV ?????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????????????? NGV ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? NGV ????????????????

8. ?????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????? (LPG) ????????????????????? ?? ?.?. 2513 ????????????????????????????? ?.?. 2523 ????????????? LPG ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????? ????????? LPG ??????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? LPG ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? LPG ?????????????????????????????? 70 - 80 ???????????????????????????????????? 58,000 ???

????????????????????????????? (????.) ??????????????????????????????????????????? (Compressed Natural Gas : CNG) ?????? BENZ ??? MAN ?????????? ????? 82 ??? ?????????????? ????????????????????????? 2536 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????

  1. ???????? CNG ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
  2. ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? CNG (???????????? 86.4 ??????? ??? 80.9 ??????? ????????)
  3. ????????????????????????? CNG ???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? CNG – BENZ ????? Diesel – BENZ ???????????????????? ?????? CNG – MAN ???????????????????????????????? CNG – BENZ ?????????????? 10 – 60 ????????/??????? ??????????????????? CNG ????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ???????????????
????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????? ????. ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????

???? ?.?. 2537 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? (???.) ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? (Particulate Matter : PM) ??????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? 85 ????????????????????????????? ?.?. 2536 ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????/??????????????? 3 (Euro III) ?????????????????????????????? 2543 ???????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? 2539

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? LPG ?????????????

????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? (???.) ??????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

???????? ???. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? (Dual-fuel System) ????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??? 16 ??? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? (Bi–fuel System) ????????????????????????????????????????? ??? 12 ??? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 2543 ???????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????? 2543 ????????? ???????????????????? ????. ??? ???. ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????? ???. ????????????????????????????????????? 6 ???????? ???? 2543 ??? 3 ????????????????????????????? ????. ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????? 3 ??????????????? ???. ???????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????? 30 ????? (??? 6 ????????) ??????? 2543 – 2547 ?????????????????????? ????. ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ????????? ???. ???????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ?????????? (Bangkok Ring Gas Pipeline Project) ???????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????????????

9. ????
??????????????????????????????????????? ???? NGV ?????????????????????? ?????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????

???????????????? NGV ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ??????????????????? NGV ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????? ??????????????????? NGV ????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ???? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? NGV ???????????? ???????

????????????????????? NGV ????????????????????? ??????? ?.?. 2536 ??????????????????????????????????? ????. ?????????????????????? ????? 82 ??? ????????? ???. ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ????. ???????????????????????????? ?????????????? NGV ??????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? NGV ????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????

?????????????
  1. ?????????????????????????? "?????????????????????????" ????????????????????
  2. ?????? ????????????????? ????? "???????????????????????????????????" ????????????? 2, 9/TH/34
  3. Australian Greenhouse Office "Compressed Natural Gas Infrastructure Program" Fact Sheet
  4. Australasian Natural Gas Vehicles Council "The Natural Energy" Newsletter of the ANGVC Issue 2, October 1997
  5. Australasian Natural Gas Vehicles Council "Vehicle Fuel for the Future" Distributed at the NGV Conference 1999, April 1999
  6. Jeffrey Seisler, Executive Director of European Natural Gas Vehicle Association "Development of a National NGV Commercialisation Plan" Presented to the International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles, Goteborge, Sweden, September 23, 1992
  7. Norman L. Newhouse, Ph.D., P.E. and Dale B. Tiller, P.E. "Development of All–Composite NGV Fuel Containers" Prepared for Presentation at the NGV '98 International Conference, May 1998
  8. SFA Pacific, Inc. "Natural Gas Vehicles - Little Market Growth in Ten Years" Third Quarter 1996, SFA Quartery Report
????????
1/ ????????? (Condensate) ??????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????
2/ Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration "International Energy Outlook 1998" April 1998.
3/ The International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles "Newsletter 54" December 1999.
4/ ??????????????????? 300 ?????????????? ?????????????????? 1 ??????????? ????????????????????? 300 ???????
5/ ??????????? (Fiberglass) ??? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????????
6/ ????????????? (Carbon fiber) ??? ??????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? 7 ????????? ?????????????????????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????????????????? 600,000 ???????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ???? ??????????????????????????????????

???????? ??????????????????? ...
???????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????? ??????? 49 ???????-??????? 2543

 
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"NGV" | สมัครสมาชิกที่นี่ | 6 ข้อคิดเห็นต่างๆ | ค้นหาข้อคิดเห็น
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Re: NGV (คะแนน: 1)
โดย Sherry เมื่อ Thursday 28 Jan 10@ 11:11:58 +07
(ข้อมูลผู้ใช้ | ส่งข้อมูลออกไป)
????????????????????? NGV ????????????????????? ??????? ?.?. 2536 ??????????????????????????????????? ????. ?????????????????????? ????? 82 ??? ????????? ???. ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ????. ???????????????????????????? ?????????????? NGV ??????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? NGV ??????????????????????
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